Mechanism of genetic engineering
The mechanism of genetic engineering can be studied by transferring a Nif gene (nitrogen fixing gene) from a bacterium to a dicotyledonous plant. The Nif genes help the bacteria to convert free N2 into nitrates. But dicotyledonous plants do not contain Nif genes; so they cannot use free N2. When Nif genes are transferred from bacteria to plants, the plants get the ability to use free N2. So the plant need not be given artificial fertilizers. This saves money labour and increases the yield.
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